1. Requirements Gathering:

The first step in designing silicone hydrogel lenses is to gather detailed requirements from various stakeholders, including ophthalmologists and end users. This process includes conducting interviews, surveys and market research to understand the required material properties, lens parameters and performance requirements. Key factors considered included oxygen permeability, water content, mechanical strength, biocompatibility and optical properties. Consumers new to contact lenses want to improve their lifestyle and quality of life, but are often concerned about their ability to handle and care for contact lenses. ^[27] Existing wearers are more likely to seek upgrades that will improve their wearing experience through enhanced vision and/or comfort. According to the survey, an ongoing issue with fitting new ones is that between 20% and 25% will stop wearing them within the first year. ^[28] Of these, 41% stopped due to vision problems, 36% stopped due to discomfort and 25% stopped due to handling problems. this finding in 2017 is inconsistent with previous studies which found discomfort to be the main reason for stopping. ^[27]^[29] Possible explanations could be that improvements in contact lenses have led to better comfort, or that a higher proportion of wearers with compound and multifocal lenses are more likely to experience visual difficulties. ^[30] In addition, the main reason people withdraw from contact lenses in the first three months of wear is due to the difficulty of putting them in and taking them out. Practices can address coping difficulties by developing better follow-up strategies in the early stages of wear to ensure that patients are able to cope and by providing resources to help them when practices are unavailable; for example, in the early morning and late evening when they are applying and removing lenses alone. ^[30]

Engineering Design Methods

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