Human skeleton system is one of the most critical systems in the human body, which consists of 206 bones. They perform different functions, such as supporting the body in its shape, protecting the inner organs and participating in various physical activities ^[1]. 

Bone defects are a serious illness which may induce infection and cause disabilities in some parts of the human body without appropriate treatment. At present, there are some common therapies like decortication, excision and fixation, cancellous bone grafting ^[2]. However, one important fact must be considered, that is repeated surgical procedures require long hospitalization time and brings more operation trauma. Another limitation is traditional treatment cannot deal with Long segment bone defect ^[3]except artificial bones Therefore, scientists have been seeking for the best answer for bone defects all the time.

Under such a needed situation, scientists focused their eyes on β-Tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2, which has been given a close attention in the biomedical industry since 1991^[4]. β-TCP is a kind of white powder, with a good biodegradability, biocompatibility, and the ability to induce the formation of human bones^[5]. This material can also be degraded into calcium and phosphorus which help human body form new bones ^[6]. Due to these outstanding properties, β-TCP draws many relevant scientific types of research.PROCESSING - it can be obtained through chemosynthesis and further processing by sintering and pressing ^[7]. MANUFACTURE – For medical use, white power β-TCP can be printed out by 3D Printing machine to obtain a specific shape needed. In recent years, successful clinical treatments have been operated, which illustrates that this bio-medical material has excellent clinical performance and is deserved to be further developed^[3][5].

[1] Livestrong, Why Are Bones Important to the Body [OB]. https://www.livestrong.com/article/80192-bones-important-body/
2019.

[2]Dragica Smrke, Primož Rožman, Allogenic Platelet Gel and Autologous Bone Technique[J]. Treatment of Bone Defects Allogenic Platelet Gel and Autologous Bone Technique[J]. January 2013.

[3] David. Xijing Hospital repairs long bone defect using Xi'an Particle Cloud's 3D printed artificial bone[OB]. www.3ders, Org.Apr 20, 2018.

www.3ders, Org.

[4] Product information, Medical Grade Beta-tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP). EPRUI Biotech Co. Ltd. 2019.

[5]Donghyun Lee , et al. Injectable biodegradable gelatin-methacrylate/β-tricalcium phosphate composite for the repair of bone defects[J]. 2019.

[6] Liu Bin, Deng-Xing Lun. Current Application of β-tricalcium Phosphate Composites in Orthopaedics[J]. Aug. 2012.

[7] Educational software, CES EduPack 2018.