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Traditional industry ( application phase)

Bismuth drug [Bismuth compound]

In 1899, the syphilis was treated with bismuth drug, which was replaced by penicillin in 1940. After that, colloidal bismuth subnitrate (CBS) is widely used to treat peptic ulcer disease and has remarkable curative effect. In addition, bismuth is a typical alpha particle radiation with a half-life of one hour and can be used as a radiotherapy treatment for cancer. ^[2]

Cosmetic [Bismuth oxychloride]

Bismuth oxychloride is a new type of high-grade environmentally-friendly pearlescent material with smoothing effect. Its main features are low oil adsorption, non-toxicity and strong skin adhesion.^[3] Currently, it is mainly used to formulate some cosmetics, such as eyeshadow, lipstick, fluff.^[4]

Catalyst [Bismuth]

A molybdenum bismuth catalyst is used in a redox reaction.^[5] For example:

CH₂=CH-CH₃ + O₂ → CH₂=CH-CHO + H₂O

Yttrium bismuth catalyst, which is an yttria-doped material. The main application of this catalyst is to convert methane to ethane or ethylene by oxidative coupling reaction.

CH₄ → C₂H₆/ CH₂=CH₂

Bismuth oxide is low in toxicity and produces less smoke. It is an ecologically safe material used to help solid fuels burn.^[6]

Electroplating layer [Bismuth]

The bismuth metal is quite stable and has strong oxidation resistance. In the absence of oxygen, bismuth is insoluble in hydrochloric acid. Therefore, the electroplated bismuth layer can be used as a corrosion-resistant coating and a decorative coating.^[7] For example, in the soldering of a transistor, the surface of the copper wire requires a coating containing a bismuth alloy.

Industrial pigment [Bismuth oxychloride]

As a pearlescent material, bismuth oxychloride can be used as an artificial pearl instead of lead carbonate or lead phosphate. Secondly, it is used in color glass, aerospace and military heat absorbing and ultraviolet absorbing metal coatings.^[7]

Semiconductor [Bismuth alloy]

The two materials, selenium bismuth and antimony bismuth, have excellent thermoelectric properties, low thermal conductivity and low electrical resistance.^[1]

Nuclear reaction [Bismuth alloy]

Bismuth and lead elements have similar abilities，which is to absorb X-rays. Therefore, in nuclear reactors, high-purity bismuth is often used as a heat carrier or coolant. It is also commonly used in atomic fission devices.^[8]

Preparation of fusible alloy [Bismuth]

One of the main uses of bismuth is to prepare fusible alloys with metals such as Sb, In, Cd, and Pb, and to control the melting point below 200 °C. ^[3]

Relevant Links

Relevant Links

The Applications of Bismuth

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